Luca Pacioli dalam buku Summa de Aritmethica (1494) menemukan rumus simpel berapa lama waktu agar keuntungan kita menjadi 2x lipat dari modal menggunakan rumus the rule of 72
Sumber: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/ruleof72.asp
Penjelasan Singkat The Rule Of 72
Jadi misal nih kamu pengen menggandakan uang investasi yang punya rate of return sebesar 6% tiap tahun. Berarti kamu butuh waktu (72/6 = 12) selama 12 tahun. Sesimpel ini!
Oh iya, satuan lama waktu tergantung satuan pada rate of return ya. Kalau rate of return nya 6% per bulan berarti butuh 12 bulan, 6% per quarter berarti butuh 12 quarter, dst.
Fungsi dari The Rule Of 72
FYI juga…
Rule Of 72 ini bisa digunakan buat tahu:
- Kapan tingkat ekonomi negara meningkat/menurun 2x lipat (rate of return ganti jadi tingkat peningkatan/penurunan GDP)
- Kapan biaya administrasi menurunkan keuntungan reksadana sebesar ½nya (rate of return ganti jadi besar persentase biaya)
- Kapan biaya tagihan menjadi 2x lipat (rate of return ganti jadi persentase bunga kredit)
- Kapan inflasi membuat penurunan daya beli sebesar ½nya (rate of return diganti menjadi tingkat inflasi)
- Kapan jumlah populasi penduduk menjadi 2x lipat (rate of return diganti menjadi laju peningkatan jumlah penduduk)
Sumber: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/ruleof72.asp
Begini Rumus Perhitungannya
Rule of 72 itu rumus perhitungan kasar. Kalau perhitungan matematis yang lebih akurat itu pakai perhitungan logaritma. Seperti ini perbedaanya kalau rate of return contohnya sebesar 8%/tahun:
RULE OF 72
t = 72/8 = 9 tahun
PERHITUNGAN LOGARITMA
t = ln(2) / ln (1 + (8 / 100)) = 9.006 tahun
Hampir mendekati bukan?
Begini Tabel Perbedaannya
Tapi rule of 72 ini tidak selalu cocok untuk semua rentang rate of return. Perbedaannya akan semakin jauh. Rule of 72 cocok untuk rentang rate of return antara 6-10%
Sumber: https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/what-is-the-rule-72/
Kalau lebih dari itu, perlu penyesuaian dan namanya berubah jadi rule of 73, rule of 74, dst.
Kesimpulan
Penyesuaiannya dengan +1 pada angka 72 setiap peningkatan 3 poin rate of return terhadap angka 8%. Jadinya:
Rate of return 22% menggunakan rule of 77
Karena 22 – 8 = 14 lalu 14 ÷ 3 = 4,67 ≈ 5 jadi rule of 72 + 5 = rule of 77
Gini perbedaanya:
RULE OF 72 t = 72/22 = 3,27
RULE OF 77 t = 77/22 = 3,49
PERHITUNGAN LOGARITMA t = ln(2) / ln (1 + (22 / 100)) = 3,5
Kira-kira kalau rate of returnnya 10%, berapa lama waktu penggandaan uangnya ya? Bagusnya pakai rule of berapa? Tulis yuk di kolom komentar!
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