Menjadi seorang trader/investor ataupun memulai untuk berinvestasi saham tentunya memerlukan strategi maupun bekal tertentu. Tujuannya adalah membantu seorang trader untuk meminimalisir kemungkinan terjadinya kerugian dalam berinvestasi. Salah satu bekal yang penting untuk diketahui sebelum mulai berinvestasi saham adalah mengetahui bagaimana cara dalam membaca pergerakan harga saham. Salah satunya melalui grafik penyajian pergerakan harga saham. Kemudian bagaimana analisa serta penilaian tren dari harga saham pada saat itu. Pada kesempatan kali, kita coba cari tahu mengenai grafik Candlestick atau grafik lilin, cara membacanya secara umum, dan beberapa pola yang umum pada grafik lilin. (lihat gambar 1.1). Yuk kita mengenal grafik candlestick.
Buat Melihat Pergerakan Harga Saham
Pergerakan harga dari saham secara umum berlangsung dan tercatat dalam satu hari. Jika semua tergabung dan terkumpul dalam satuan bulan akan membentuk penyajian seperti pada gambar 1.1. Penyajian informasi mengenai pergerakan harga saham dapat terbagi menjadi 3 jenis. Yaitu grafik garis (line), grafik batang (bar), dan grafik lilin (Chandlestick) seperti pada gambar 1.1. Candlestick dapat kamu gunakan sebagai suatu analisa dalam menilai tren pergerakan harga saham. Karena mencerminkan perubahan harga saham dalam satu hari mulai dari harga pembukaan, harga tertinggi, harga terendah, hingga harga penutupan. Selain itu, Candlestick juga menyediakan informasi untuk melihat pola grafik hingga indikator support resisten atau penentuan waktu jual atau waktu beli saham yang tepat.
Body Candle dan Shadow Candle
Secara umum, candlestick atau batang lilin yang terlihat pada gambar 1.2 memiliki dua buah bagian utama. Yaitu body candle dan shadow candle. Body candle adalah bagian lilin berbentuk segi empat yang pada gambar 1.2 berwarna hijau atau merah. Dengan catatan, pada candlestick jenis yang lain memiliki variasi warna lebih seperti hitam dan putih. Bagian dari body candle ini memberikan informasi berupa harga penutupan hingga harga penutupan saham pada periode waktu tertentu. Berbeda dengan body candle, shadow candle adalah ekor candle yang menunjukkan harga saham terendah dan tertinggi pada periode waktu tersebut. Bagian ini terlihat dari bagian atas hingga bagian bawah garis lurus pada candlestick saham. Berdasarkan body candle, secara umum candlestick dapat terbagi menjadi 2 jenis. Yaitu candlestick bullish dan candlestick bearish berdasarkan warna hijau dan warna merah body candle seperti grafik lilin 1.2. Candlestick bullish yang menjadi ciri dengan candlestick berwarna hijau. Bentuk ini memiliki arti harga saham ditutup lebih tinggi daripada harga pembukaan pada periode waktu tersebut. Artinya saham yang terlihat mengalami peningkatan nilai dan tren yang menguntungkan. Sebaliknya, candlestick bearish memiliki ciri dengan warna candlestick merah adalah kondisi ketika harga saham lebih rendah daripada harga pembukaannya. Artinya saham mengalami penurunan nilai pada periode waktu tersebut.
Kesimpulan
Setelah mengenal dan mengetahui bagian dari candlestick, selanjutnya yuk kita lakukan analisis pada grafik candlestick untuk melihat bagaimana nilai dari saham yang sedang kita amati di pasar saham. Pertama, dengan melihat panjang pendek dari body candle dapat kita ketahui apakah saham tersebut mengalami konsolidasi (body candle pendek) ataupun mengalami tekanan untuk jual beli pada selang waktu tersebut (body candle panjang). Kedua, mengamati panjang pendek ekor candle, dapat kita nilai apakah banyak aktivitas trading terjadi sekitar harga pembukaan atau penutupan (ekor pendek) atau justru terjadi jauh dari harga pembukaan atau penutupan saham tersebut (ekor panjang). Ketiga, kondisi ketika ekor atas dan ekor bawah tidak sama maka dapat kita ketahui para penjual sedang menaikkan harga lebih rendah (ekor atas lebih panjang) atau sedang menurunkan harga (ekor bawah lebih panjang) pada periode waktu tersebut.
Sumber :
https://www.ocbcnisp.com/id/article/2022/03/09/candlestick-adalah
https://www.sahamgain.com/2019/06/belajar-candlestick-saham-profit-dari.html
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