Gw kaget ternyata Crazy Rich Pertama di Asia Tenggara ternyata orang Indonesia loh, lebih tepatnya Hindia Belanda. Namanya Oei Tiong Ham lahir 1866 di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah.
Oei Tiong Ham bahkan disebut memiliki ¼ tanah dan bangunan di Singapura. Nama perusahaan konglomerasinya adalah Oei Tiong Ham Concern yang sohor sejak tahun 1900-an sampai tahun 1960.
Begini ceritanya!
Awal Cerita Crazy Rich Pertama ASEAN Terlahir
Sumber: Tirto.id
Oei Tiong Ham sebenarnya mewarisi kerajaan bisnis milik ayahnya yang bernama Oei Tjie Sien. Ayahnya adalah miliarder China yang harus mendarat dan bermukim di Semarang tahun 1858 akibat adanya pemberontakan Taiping.
Oei Tjie Sien lalu mendirikan perusahaan bernama Kian Gwan dengan modal 3 juta gulden tahun 1863. Kian Gwan utamanya mengekspor hasil bumi seperti gula dan ikan serta mengimpor teh dan sutra dari Tiongkok.
Oei Tiong Ham Concern (OTHC)
Di bawah kepemimpinan Oei Tiong Ham, Kian Gwan melakukan ekspansi besar-besaran hingga menjadi konglomerat multinasional pertama di Asia Tenggara. Konglomerat ini dikenal dengan nama Oei Tiong Ham Concern (OTHC).
OTHC ini mengalami diversifikasi bisnis diantaranya:
- Perdagangan : kapuk, karet, gambir, tapioka, kopi hingga opium
- Jasa : gadai, pos, dan penerbangan.
Kian Gwan dibawah Oei Tiong Ham mampu mencatat keuntungan sebesar 18 juta gulden pada 1890 hingga 1904! FYI aja, harga nasi sepincuk (piring dari daun pisang) dulu harganya (1/200 gulden) atau uang satu ron (setengah sen)
Sesimpel ini tahu rahasia strategi Bisnis Kian Gwan OTHC
- Menggunakan penandatangan kontrak bisnis sehingga bisa mengakuisisi 5 pabrik gula akibat debitur yang gagal bayar ketika ada krisis gula tahun 1880 an
- Mengintegrasikan supply chain (ladang tebu, pabrik gula, jalur pelayaran, bank, dan perusahaan terkait)
- Mempekerjakan orang profesional daripada merekrut anggota keluarga Tionghoa, mulai dari dewan direksi, manajer, akuntan, hingga teknisi. Keluarganya hanya mengelola kepemilikan perusahaan Kian Gwan
Akhir Cerita Crazy Rich Pertama ASEAN
Akhir kisah Crazy Rich Pertama di Asia Tenggara. Oei Tiong Ham meninggal tahun 1924. Kian Gwan OTHC sempat berkembang dengan berekspansi membuka pabrik pengolahan karet di Sumatra.
Namun akhirnya kesuksesan Kian Gwan OTHC di Indonesia (kalau di luar Indonesia masih ada yang bertahan) runtuh ketika Pengadilan Ekonomi Semarang menyita seluruh aset Kian Gwan OTHC pada bulan Juli tahun 1961.
Kini sejak tahun 1964, Pemerintah Indonesia membentuk Rajawali Nusantara Indonesia untuk mengelola aset sitaan dari Kian Gwan OTHC.
Sumber:
- https://nationalgeographic.grid.id/read/133278447/oei-tiong-ham-miliarder-di-hindia-belanda-dan-akhir-bisnisnya?page=all
- https://www.dream.co.id/dinar/mengintip-gurita-bisnis-oei-tiong-ham-konglomerat-pertama-di-asia-tenggara-yang-ternyata-asal-semara.html
- https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oei_Tiong_Ham_Concern
- https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oei_Tiong_Ham
- https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/entrepreneur/20230209155925-25-412507/terusir-dari-china-sampai-indonesia-jadi-raja-gula-asia
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